积极社会心态:正念培育的目标、机制与途径

Positive Social Mentality:The Goals,Mechanism and Pathways of Cultivation with Mindfulness

正念培育积极社会心态,指运用正念的理论、方法与技术促进积极社会心态的培养、教育和引导,并将消极社会心态转化为积极社会心态的过程。其可能的机制为:通过正念养育、正念教育、正念社区与正念生产提高个体与情境正念,在复杂系统中经过循环反应、内隐互动和价值累加来培育和转化社会心态。未来应建构正念公共心理服务体系;区分世俗化与宗教化的正念;研究内隐正念和积极社会心态的关系;从东方传统文化中汲取营养。

The positive social mentality is to serve the country and the current social development needs in a certain historical period.It can promote the free and full development of social members and can play a key and core role.The cultivation of social mentality can be understood as the development of social mentality,education and guidance.It is the process of turning negative social mentality into a positive social mentality.The authors putted forward the mechanism hypothesis of cultivating positive social mentality and transforming negative social mentality:improve individual and situational mindfulness through mindfulness parenting,mindfulness education,mindfulness community and mindfulness production,and to cultivate and transform social mentality through cyclic reactions,implicit interactions and value accumulation in complex systems.In the past 40 years,mindfulness has become a kind of psychological intervention and self-training method after the secularization in the west,which has a positive effect on individual,group cognition and emotion.In current research contexts,mindfulness is typically defined as nonjudgmental attention to experiences in the present moment.The mindfulness training program has developed from the medical field to education,into the community and towards the society.It can be seen from the research results of the physiological and psychological mechanism of mindfulness that mindfulness can be used as a theoretical basis for cultivating positive social mentality in the new era.Current specifically discuss mindfulness intervention mechanism for social mentality research has not reported,but the psychological and brain mechanisms of mindfulness especially mindfulness neural physiological mechanism of emotion regulation has accumulated more results.It can help understand how mindfulness training transforms the social mentality.The further research on the basis of clear mechanisms plays an important role.Mindfulness has the internal characteristics of enhancing self-regulation,non-critical awareness and increasing pro-social behavior,which can mediate and moderate between negative and positive mental transformation.The main ways to foster positive social attitudes include:mindfulness parenting,mindfulness education,mindfulness community and Mindfulness production.Mindfulness parenting is the application of general mindfulness to parent-child interaction.It mainly refers to parents’intentional,present and non-judgmental attention and awareness of their children and upbringing.Mindfulness education is the combination of mindfulness and education.It make education situation has obvious characteristics of mindfulness,mainly refers to the attention and awareness that the teachers are interested in students and teaching,at the moment and non-judgmental.It includes four aspects:Mindfulness intervention,mindfulness teaching,mindfulness management and mindfulness environment.Mindfulness community refers to the use of mindfulness in a community context,and a mindfulness based intervention for different groups of people.Mindfulness production refers to the use of righteousness in corporate contexts,reducing employee burnout,management pressures,and improving relationship harmony,job performance,leadership,job satisfaction,and career delays.At present,the research on cultivating positive social psychology is relatively scattered.The future should focus on the work of measurement optimization,theoretical construction and mechanism exploration:Constructing the mental service system of mindfulness:Distinguishing between secular and religious thoughts:Studying the relationship between implicit mindfulness and positive social mentality;absorbing nutrition from the oriental traditional culture;using the multi-dimensional measurement and development localization scale,and combining the implicit measurement with explicit measurement.Therefore,to promote theoretical development,we need to compile scales that are suitable for the people of the country.Through experiments,we can clarify the specific mechanism for the effectiveness of righteous thoughts and conduct cross-cultural comparative studies between East and West to provide necessary theoretical support for the practice of mindfulness in Chinese localization.The system construction of mindfulness services,need further research and development for different groups of practice projects,increasing of mindfulness teacher or guidance personnel training,to form a mindful professional talent team,emphasizing on evidence-based research project.