奶牛左右乳区温度温差作为隐性乳房炎检测指标的可行性研究

Study on Possibility of Left and Right Quarter Skin Temperature Difference as a Detecting Indicator for Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows

旨在研究奶牛左右乳区皮肤温度及其温差的变化规律,以期确定左右乳区皮肤温度差异范围,探究左右乳区温度温差作为隐性乳房炎检测指标的可行性。随机选取587头中国荷斯坦奶牛,使用红外热像仪在奶牛舍采集左后和右后两个乳区的红外热图像,并用图像分析软件进行分析,得到乳区皮肤温度。结果表明,奶牛左后和右后乳区皮肤温度呈正态分布。左后和右后乳区皮肤温度平均值分别为(35.57±1.31)℃和(35.51±1.34)℃,二者之间差异不显著(P>0.05),左右乳区皮肤温度呈对称分布的特征。随着奶牛左右乳区皮肤温度温差的增加,牛乳平均体细胞数(Somatic cell count,SCC)有升高的趋势。奶牛左后和右后乳区皮肤温度温差超过1.5℃时,牛乳平均体细胞数为(298±110)×103 mL-1,且左右乳区温度差异显著(P<0.05)。本研究表明,若以体细胞数大于3×105mL-1为判断隐性乳房炎的标准,左右乳区温度温差超过1.5℃,可以初步判断温度升高一侧奶牛乳腺发生隐性乳房炎。

This study was conducted to determine variation of left and right quarter skin temperature and their temperature difference in order to evaluate the possibility of temperature difference of left and right quarter as indicator of subclinical mastitis detection by determination of left and right quarter skin temperature difference range.Thermal images of rear left and rear right quarters of 587 Chinese Holstein dairy cows were collected by infrared thermograph technology(IRT).The cows were chosen randomly.The udder skin temperature was calculated using image analysis software.The result demonstrated that rear left and rear right quarter skin temperature were characteristic of normal distribution.The variation of rear left and rear right quarter skin temperature were(35.57±1.31)℃ and(35.51±1.34)℃ respectively.Their difference was not significant(P>0.05)and was distributed symmetrically.Mean somatic cell count(SCC)in milkhad the rising trend as left and right quarter temperature difference increasing.Mean milk SCC was(298 ± 110)×103 mL-1 when rear left and rear right quarter skin surface temperature difference was above 1.5℃and left and right quarter skin temperature was significantly different(P<0.05).This study showed that subclinical mastitis could be detected initially when skin temperature difference between left and right quarters was over 1.5 ℃ and SCC was above 3×105 mL-1for the detection of subclinical mastitis.