沙门菌基因分型研究进展

Advances in research on Salmonella genotyping

沙门菌是一种常见的致病菌,种类繁多,具有2 600多种血清型。近年来,基于基因序列的分型方法被应用于沙门菌基因分型的研究中,并且显示了很好的分型能力,并成为沙门菌传染病暴发调查和分子流行病学分析中的常规工具。基因分型方法主要有:脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)、基因组重复序列PCR(repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR,Rep-PCR)、多位点序列分型(multilocus sequence typing,MLST)、全基因组单核苷酸多态性分型(whole gene single nucleotide polymorphism,wgSNP)、核心基因组多位点序列分型(core genome multilocus sequence typing,cgMLST)等,每种分型方法也有各自的优缺点和使用条件及适用范围。其中,随着全基因组测序(WGS)时代的到来,cgMLST和wgSNP方法已经成为当前研究热点。

Salmonella is an important foodborne pathogenic bacterium,with more than 2 600 serotypes.In recent years,gene-sequence-based typing assays have been used in Salmonella genotyping and showed a good typing advantage,and molecular typing for discriminating the Salmonella of same species is essential in outbreak investigation and molecular epidemiology analysis.The methods for genotyping include molecular serotyping,pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE),repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR(Rep-PCR),multilocus sequence typing(MLST),whole gene single nucleotide polymorphism(wgSNP),and core genome multilocus sequence typing(cgMLST).Each typing method has its own advantages and drawbacks,applicability and operating conditions.With the popularization of whole genome sequencing(WGS),the cgMLST and wgSNP methods have been becoming the hot topics of current research.