锥颅穿刺血肿抽吸术治疗脑出血临床研究证据的系统评价

Systematic Review of Clinical Evidence:the Efficacy of Stereotactic Aspiration in the Treatment of Cerebral Hemorrhage

目的 了解是否已有足够证据表明锥颅穿刺血肿抽吸术治疗脑出血可以推广。 方法 全面收集国内外关于血肿抽吸术治疗脑出血的临床研究 ,并按Cochrane协作网推荐的方法进行系统评价和分析。 结果 共检索到随机对照试验 (randomizedcontrolledtrial,RCT) 8个 ,病例 75 7例 ;有对照未随机分组的研究 1 7个 ,病例 1 766例 ;无对照的系列病例观察研究 2 0个 ,病例 1 2 44例。所有研究均认为锥颅穿刺血肿抽吸术治疗脑出血有不同程度的疗效 ,但其中RCT比例较小且均存在不同程度的方法学缺陷。 结论 现有证据提示锥颅穿刺血肿抽吸术治疗脑出血很有前途 ,但严格设计的RCT证据数量太少 ,质量有待改进 ,结果说服力不强。目前尚难做出该疗法是否利大于害的结论 ,还需更多高质量的RCT证实其疗效 ,以便在国内外推广。

Objective To explore whether there is enough clinical evidence to confirm that stereotactic aspiration does more good than harm in patients with cerebral hemorrhage. Method A systematic review of all relevant clinical studies on stereotactic aspiration in the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage. Results Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including 757 patients and 17 nonrandomized controlled studies including 1 766 patients, as well as 20 uncontrolled studies including 1 244 patients were identified . All studies reported positive results regarding the effects. However, the quality of the included studies were generally poor. The main problem was that most trials reported them as a RCT, but no description of the method of randomization. Conclusions Stereotactic aspiration in the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage is promising based on present evidence. However, at present, we can not draw definite conclusion whether the treatment does more good than harm compared with noninvasive medical treatment because of the poor quality of included studies. Therefore, more high quality RCTs are required.