大数据时代背景下医疗隐私保护的伦理困境及实现途径

Ethics Predicament and Protcetion Path of Medical Privacy in the Era of Big Data

大数据浪潮的兴起为医学的发展带来了新的发展机遇,也给人类的医疗隐私保护带来挑战:数据监测下隐私无处躲藏,共享的数据被滥用,数据挖掘中隐私被二次利用,数据预测里隐私被预测。同时也使数据的整合利用与医疗隐私保护的困境凸显:非自主性数据操作下的自主性原则的困境,数据化世界中人的主体身份消亡,医疗隐私信息难以被遗忘。在促进医疗行业信息化的同时,探讨大数据环境下医疗隐私保护的实现途径:实施使用医疗数据的过程必须符合自主性原则和透明化原则,建立医疗信息共享系统面向患者的隐私保护访问控制系统,完善保障医疗数据隐私的法律规范,加强个人的医疗数据隐私性管理意识。

The tide of big data has brought new opportunities for medical development but also challenges to human medical privacy protection: nowhere to hide privacy under data monitoring,the misuse of data sharing,secondary utilization of privacy in data mining and predicted privacy in data forecast. At the same time,it highlights the dilemma of integrated use of data and the protection of medical privacy: the plight of the principle of autonomy under non independent data operation,perish of subject identity in the world of data,and unforgettable medical privacy information. At the same time of promoting medical information industry,this paper discussed the ways to realize medical privacy protection: implementing the principle of independence and transparency,establishing medical information sharing system for patients with the privacy preserving access control strategy,perfecting laws and regulations of medical privacy protection,and strengthening personal management awareness of medical data privacy.