身体与环境的交互:具身认知视域下的医学生医患沟通教育

Interaction between Body and Environment: Medical Students' Doctor-patient Communication Education from the Perspective of Embodied Cognition

医学生医患沟通技能对于完善医疗服务过程、提高诊疗服务效果、促进医患关系和谐、推动现代医学的良性发展具有积极意义。通过分析传统医患沟通的教育模式和医学生习得医患沟通技能的心理规律,探寻国内医患沟通教育效果不显著的原因,主要体现在信息输入、信息加工、信息输出存在障碍。在此基础上,引入具身认知理论。具身认知是认知科学研究领域的最新范式,强调认知是身体、环境及其交互活动协同作用的结果。讨论具身认知理论与医患沟通教育的契合点,提出身心合一的参与式教学、身体互动的体验式教学、身体与环境相融的项目式教学的策略,以突破传统医患沟通教育实效性不佳的困境。

Medical students’skills of doctor-patient communication are of positive significance in improving medcal service process,improving the effect of diagnosis and treatment services,promoting harmonious doctor-patient relationship and promoting the healthy development of modern medicine.By analyzing the traditional education mode of doctor-patient communication and the psychological law of medical students’acquisition of doctor-patient communication skills,this paper explored the reasons why the effect of doctor-patient communication education in China was not remarkable,mainly reflected in the obstacles of information input,information processing and information output,and introduced the theory of embodied cognition.Embodied cognition is the latest paradigm in the field of cognitive science,emphasizing that cognition is the result of the synergy of body,environment and their interaction activities.This paper discussed the connection between embodied cognitive theory and doctor-patient communication education,and put forward the strategies of participatory teaching,interactive experiential teaching and project-based teaching that integrated body and environment to overcome the dilemma of ineffectiveness of traditional doctor-patient communication education.