孩子年龄对个体的配偶参照效应和孩子参照效应的影响

Effects of Children's Age on Spouse-Reference Effect and Child-Reference Effect of an Individual

采用经典的自我参照R/K范式测量129名处于不同家庭发展阶段中个体(有配偶和孩子)的自我、配偶、孩子以及他人参照效应,研究发现:孩子0~6岁被试组和孩子19~22岁被试组未表现出配偶参照效应和孩子参照效应;孩子7~12岁被试组和孩子13~18岁被试组表现出了配偶参照效应和孩子参照效应.表明个体的配偶参照效应和孩子参照效应是动态变化的,孩子所处的年龄阶段以及家庭发展阶段会影响个体把配偶和孩子纳入进自我概念中.

Previous researches have found spouse‐reference effect and child‐reference effect in Chinese . However ,they did not investigate whether such effect would be affected by children's age .The aim of the present study is to fill up the deficiency .Specifically ,we use the incident encoding paradigm and R/K judgment tasks to investigate the effects of children's age on the spouse‐reference effect and the child‐refer‐ence effect .T he study include 129 participants currently involved in family relationships w hose child aged 0-6 years ,or 7-12 years ,or 13 -18 years or 19 -22 years .All participants are right‐handed and have normal or corrected‐to‐normal vision .A 4 (orienting tasks:self ,spouse ,child ,other :LuXun) by 2 (rec‐ognition test :R/K judgments) by 4 (group condition :child aged 0-6 ,7-12 ,13-18 or 19-22 years) mixed design is used .The procedure consists of a word judgment task (study phase) and a“surprise” rec‐ognition test .Part one involves four orienting tasks .For Part two ,the participants are asked to identify old (an item they had seen in the study phase) or new items by button press without a time limit .A 2 × 2 × 2 repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVAs) is performed to analyze the effects of the between‐sub‐jects factor group (child 0-6 ,7-12 ,13-18 or 19-22‐year‐old) and the within‐subjects factors orienting task (self ,spouse ,child ,other :LuXun) and judgment type (R/K ) .The results showed that the spouse‐reference effect and child‐reference effect were influenced by children's age .