2011年宁夏同心县农村居民肺结核知识知晓率现况调查

Survey on Knowledge for Tuberculosis Control among Rural Resident in Tongxin,Ningxia

目的了解宁夏同心县农村居民结核病防治知识知晓率现状,为相关部门指导结核病防治健康促进和健康教育工作提供理论依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法对宁夏同心县10个乡镇共52个村庄1040户15岁及以上农村居民进行面对面询问式问卷调查居民肺结核相关知识知晓率现状。结果同心县居民结核病防治知识的总知晓率为42.5%,"肺结核是一种严重的疾病"与"肺结核能够治愈"的知晓率相对较高,均达到70%以上,其次是"肺结核主要的传染途径","如何预防肺结核"及"怀疑得了肺结核,应到县(区)级疾控中心(结防所)或定点医院检查和治疗"的知晓率较低,"咳嗽、咳痰2周以上或痰中带血应怀疑得了肺结核"的知晓率最低(17.3%)。男性、回族、高中及以上文化程度、务工及学生肺结核病核心知识总知晓率较高(P均<0.05)。获取结核病防治知识的渠道以家人、朋友、邻居和同事获取防治信息的比例最大(44.5%),首选县级以上医院进行治疗结核病的人最多(65.3%),其次是去结核病防治所(39.1%)。结论同心县农村居民肺结核防治知识知晓率较低,多途径、多种手段加强健康教育和健康宣传工作,进一步提高知晓率进而控制结核病疫情极为迫切。

Objective To investigate the situation of tuberculosis( TB) knowledge among rural residents and to provide evidence for health care provider to guide health promotion and education in Tongxin,Ningxia.Methods A cross- sectional study was conducted in rural residents aged 15 years old and above from 1040 households in 52 villages,10 towns by using a stratified cluster random sampling method. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Results The total awareness rate of tuberculosis preventive knowledge was42. 5% in participants. More than 70% participants knew that TB was a serious disease and could be cured.The awareness rate of transmission route,prevention and examination and treatment in country TB dispensary were low. Only 17. 3% participants knew the syndrome of TB. The awareness rates were significantly higher among men,Hui ethnicity,high school education or more,workers and students than those in other groups( P < 0. 05). The main way of getting knowledge of TB prevention was 44. 5% for listening to others. 65. 3%of the participants preferred going to hospital above country level firstly and 39. 1% went to TB dispensary.Conclusion The awareness rates of TB among rural residents were low in Tongxin county,Ningxia. Measures on health promotion and health education should be taken to increase the awareness rate.