宁夏某综合医院93例HIV/AIDS患者初诊科室分布及首诊病因调查

Newly Diagnosed Department Distribution of 93 Cases with HIV / AIDS and Surveys of First Medical Consultation in a Comprehensive Hospital

目的调查HIV/AIDS患者初诊科室的分布,提高综合医院临床医生对该病的认识,减少误诊、漏诊。方法回顾性调查宁夏某综合医院2010年1月1日~2014年6月30日初诊收治的93例HIV/AIDS患者的首诊科室分布,首诊病因以及发病年龄、性别、文化程度及职业。结果患者首次就诊于呼吸内科、急诊科、皮肤科、感染科等27个科室,首诊病因包括外科疾病手术25例(26.89%)、发热20例(21.51%)、皮疹口腔溃疡16例(17.20%)、普通内科疾病就诊12例(12.90%)、发热伴咳嗽10例(10.75%)、自愿咨询6例(6.45%)、腹泻2例(2.15%)、体重减轻2例(2.15%)。发病年龄20~49岁者70例(68.60%),男性76例(81.72%),初中及以下文化程度者67例(72.04%),职业以农民、家务待业、商业服务、个体者为主,合计69例(74.19%)。结论 93例HIV/AIDS患者在综合医院就诊科室分布广泛,就诊时临床症状复杂且无特殊性。综合医院医护人员需加强艾滋病的防治意识,主动向疑似就诊者提供艾滋病检测咨询服务,从而减少误诊、漏诊。

Objective To improve the clinician’s awareness to AIDS and to reduce its misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Methods Data in 93 cases with AIDS were surveyed retrospectively from January 1,2010- June30 in a comprehensive hospital,including first medical consultation,age,sex,education level and occupation. Results The departments firstly visited for AIDS cases included respiratory,emergency,dermatology,Infection and other 27 departments. First medical consultation included surgical operation( 25,26. 89%).fever heat( 20,21. 51%),rash,mouth ulcers( 16,17. 20%),general medicine,oral ulcer disease clinic( 12,12. 90%),fever with cough( 10,10. 75%),voluntary counselling,( 6,6. 45%),diarrhea( 2,2. 15%),weight loss( 2,2. 15%). 70 cases( 68. 60%) aged 20 to 49 years while 76 cases( 81. 72%)were the male. Conclusion The 93 cases with HIV / AIDS were widely distributed in departments of this comprehensive hospital. Staff in comprehensive hospital need to strengthen awareness of AIDS control,HIV testing and counseling services initiative to provide treatment to the suspected person,thereby reducing misdiagnosis.