银川市7~17岁学生超重、肥胖现状及与饮食和运动的关系

Relationship of Overweight and Obesity with Diet and Exercise in Students Aged 7- 17

目的了解银川市7~17岁学生超重、肥胖流行现状及与饮食和运动的关系,为儿童青少年肥胖防治措施的制定提供科学依据。方法于2014年3-5月采用分层随机整群抽样方法,调查银川市12所学校共4966名学生。采用中国肥胖工作组(WGOC)'中国学生超重、肥胖体重指数值筛查标准'评价全身皮下脂肪性超重和肥胖;将腰围身高比超过同年龄、同性别儿童的P90定义为腹型肥胖。采用问卷调查其饮食和运动情况,采用有序Logistic回归分析全身皮下脂肪性超重、肥胖相关的饮食、运动影响因素。结果银川市7~17岁学生全身皮下脂肪性超重、肥胖以及腹型肥胖检出率分别为11.3%、6.7%和8.4%。10岁~年龄组男、女生全身皮下脂肪性超重检出率最高,分别为20.8%、12.1%;9岁~年龄组男生、7岁~年龄组女生全身皮下脂肪性肥胖检出率最高,分别为14.3%、8.3%;男生全身皮下脂肪性超重、肥胖检出率均高于女生(χ2=50.31和26.15,P均<0.05);女生腹型肥胖检出率高于男生(χ2=6.07,P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析提示随着水果摄入频次和持续低运动强度频次增加,发生全身皮下脂肪性超重和肥胖的风险降低。结论银川市男生、低年龄组学生是全身皮下脂肪性超重和肥胖的高发人群;女生为腹型肥胖的高发人群;多吃水果等富含纤维素食品和进行低强度有氧运动可以有效控制体重,降低全身皮下脂肪性超重和肥胖的发生。

Objective To investigate the status of overweight and obesity in students aged 7- 17 of Yinchuan7- 17 and to explore the relationship of overweight and obesity with diet and exercise. Methods Stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select a total of 4966 students from 12 schools in Yinchuan. 'The obesity screening criteria of Chinese students by body mass index value'was used to evaluate body subcutaneous adipose overweight,obese. Children with waist and waist- height ratio of distribution exceeding that of the same age,same gender P90 weredefined as abdominal obesity. Diet and exercise were investigated with questionnaire and Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influence factors of body subcutaneous adipose overweight and obesity. Results Body subcutaneous adipose overweight and obesity,abdominal obesity detection rate in students aged 7- 17 of Yinchuan were 11. 3%,6. 7% and 8. 4%,respectively. Body subcutaneous adipose overweight detection rate in students aged 10 was highest( 20. 8% in males and 12. 1% in females). Subcutaneous adipose obesity detection rates in male students aged 9 and female students aged 8were highest( 14. 3%,8. 3%). Body subcutaneous adipose overweight, obesity detection rate in male students were significantly higher than those of female students( χ2= 50. 31 and 26. 15,P all < 0. 05). Abdominal obesity detection rate in female students were significantly higher than those of male students( χ2=6. 07,P < 0. 05). Logistic regression analysis showed that with increasing of fruit intake frequency and duration of exercise intensity,the risk of systemic subcutaneous fatty reduceoverweight and obesity decreased.Conclusion Boys and students in low age group of Yinchuan has high risk to systemic subcutaneous fatty overweight and obesity. Female students has high risk to abdominal obesity. Fruits or other foods rich in fiber and small intensity aerobic exercise can effectively control weight and reduce the incidence of body subcutaneous adipose overweight and obesity.