宁夏银川市聋哑初中生心理行为问题相关因素的研究

Investigation of Psychological Behavior Problems and the Related Factors in Deaf-mute Middle School Student's of Yinchuan in Ningxia

目的调查影响宁夏银川市聋哑初中生心理行为问题的相关因素。方法采用Achenbach’s儿童行为量表(CBCL)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、身体自我描述问卷(PSDQ)对随机整群抽样的51例聋哑初中生和46例健康初中生进行问卷调查。结果聋哑组和健康组行为问题检出率(15.69%和10.87%)、CBCL总分[(15.32±10.09)和(11.18±8.41)],经比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。相关性分析结果显示:聋哑男初中生CBCL总分与PSDQ总分呈负相关(P<0.01);聋哑女初中生CBCL总分与PSDQ总分、SSRS总分呈负相关(P<0.05)。将各相关量表包含的因子进一步分析得出:聋哑男生心理行为问题与运动能力、身体自尊、外表和灵活性负相关,其中外表被纳入逐步回归方程;聋哑女初中生心理行为问题与协调性、运动能力、身体自尊、外表、灵活性、耐力、主观支持及支持利用度均呈负相关,其中支持利用度、协调性被纳入逐步回归方程。结论可通过锻炼、文体课程等方式改善聋哑初中生的外表、协调性等,并给予适当的社会支持,从而减少聋哑初中生心理行为问题的发生。

Objective To investigate psychological behavior problems and the related factors in the deaf-mute middle school student. Methods Using achenbach's child behavior checklist( CBCL),social support revalued scale( SSRS),physical self-description questionnaire( PSDQ),the deaf-mute middle school students were randomly selected and investigateed from Ningxia special education school. Results The psychological behavior problems of deaf-mute middle school students were detected in 8 cases and the detection rate was 15. 68%. Analysis of correlation showed that: the CBCL total score of deaf-mute boys was negatively related to PSDQ total score,exercise capacity,physical self-esteem,appearance and flexibility. The CBCL total score of deaf-mute girls was negatively related to PSDQ total score,SSRS total score,coordination,exercise capacity,physical self-esteem,appearance,flexibility,endurance,subjective support and availability of support. Analysis of stepwise regression showed that: there was a linear regression relationship between the deaf-mute boy's appearance and CBCL total score. The same relationship was found between the deaf-mute girl's availability of support,coordination and CBCL total score. Comparing the standard regression coefficient of availability of support and coordination,the former was bigger. Conclusion The related factors of deaf-mute middle school student's psychological behavior problems included that: appearance,exercise capacity,flexibility,self-esteem,endurance,subjective support and availability of support. Among them,the most important factor was appearance in deaf-mute boys while it was the availability of support in deaf-mute girls.