宁夏HIV/AIDS及合并HBV感染状况分析

HIV / AIDS and HBV Concurrent Infection in Ningxia

目的了解宁夏回族自治区人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染者及获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)患者合并乙型肝炎病毒的感染状况及特点。方法采用ELISA方法对宁夏2002-2014年在册登记的HIV/AIDS进行HBV表面抗原检测;从艾滋病防治信息网收集HIV/AIDS的信息,用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果确证HIV/AIDS阳性1235例,男女比为5.7∶1;以汉族为主,占67.8%;年龄主要集中在18~40岁性活跃人群,占58.3%;以未婚居多,占39.8%;文化程度主要集中在初中及以下的低学历组;合并HBV感染者122例,合并感染率为9.9%;在HIV/AIDS和合并感染HBV的HIV/AIDS/HBV人群中,文化程度和感染途径的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);2002-2014年,HIV/AIDS人群和HIV/AIDS/HBV人群中,传播途径均由静脉吸毒传播为主转变为性传播为主。结论宁夏艾滋病合并乙肝病毒的感染率高于我国一般人群乙肝表面抗原阳性率,应当在治疗艾滋病的同时加强肝功能的监测,防制合并感染的发生。同时加强对乙肝等具有相同传播途径的疾病的宣传教育,提高对各类性传播疾病的知晓率,重点防控其在性活跃人群中的传播。

Objective To investigate the infection status and its features of Human Immunodeficiency Virus( HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome( AIDS) infected people co-infection with hepatitis B patients in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Methods HBV surface antigen was detected by ELISA method.Information was collected from the AIDS information network and SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results Of confirmed HIV / AIDS positive 1235 cases,the sex ratio was 5. 7∶ 1 and Han ethnicities accounted for 67. 8% while infection-age ranged from 18 to 40 years accounting for 58. 3% and unmarried HIV-positive accounted for 39. 8%. HIV-positives mainly were persons below junior high school and in the low education group. 122 HIV-positive cases co-infection with HBV were found and the co-infection rate was 9. 9%. From 2002 to 2014,the route of transmission of HIV / AIDS and HIV / AIDS / HBV both transformed from intravenous drug use into sexual transmission. Conclusion The HBV infection rate of HIV / AIDS in Ningxia is higher than that of common people. The monitoring of liver function should be strengthened while treating AIDS for preventing the occurrence of combined infection. At the same time,health education need to provide on the diseases which have the same route of transmission such as HBV for improving the awareness of various types of sexually transmitted diseases.