航天器·空间环境与电和磁

Spacecraft Space Environment and Relation Between Them and Electric-magnetic Field

回顾了航天界中的静电问题发展历程,综述了空间环境的特点.主要讨论了空间环境与航天器相互作用产生的航天器表面静电积累现象和由此引发的一系列新的物理效应,特别是静电转化的脉冲放电对航天器的破坏作用以及对未来有可能出现的核战造成的核爆电磁脉冲破坏与防护.另外,也对国内外飞船技术的发展及对静电问题的考虑作了简要讨论.

This article views back the history of static problem in the space technology field and describes the characteristic of space environment. And it discusses mainly the phenonmena of static-electric accumulation on the surface of spacecraft by the interreaction between the spacecraft and space environment and a series of new physics effects produced, especially the pules discharge damage action to the spacecraft and in the future the damage effect of nuclear bombardment by nuclear war and the protection from the nuclear radiation. In addition, the development of tecnique about the space shuttle in China and other countries and the static electricity problem in space shuttle have been briefly discussed.