304例急性心肌梗死之死亡病例分析

Analysis of Non-survival Cases among 304 Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

目的:了解急性心肌梗死(AMI)死亡病例特点,以提高防治效果。方法:对我院1992年至2001年收治住院的304例患者,进行死亡病例与存活病例比较分析,比较各年龄段病死率、男女病死率,比较两组患者危险因素、梗塞部位,分析死亡原因、死亡时间。结果:随年龄增高,AMI病死率增加;女性病死率高于男性;死亡病例组危险因素中陈旧性心肌梗死(OMI)及糖尿病、高脂血症病史明显高于存活病例组;前下壁、前侧壁心肌梗死病死率最高;住院一周内病死率最高。结论:高龄,前下壁或前侧壁梗死,OMI或糖尿病、高脂血症病史是AMI死亡病例的高危因素。

Objective: To understand the characteristics of the non-survival cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), so to enhance the effect of prevention and treatment. Methods: To compare and analyze non-survival and survival cases among 304 patients hospitalized in our hospital from 1992 to 2001, to compare mortality rate of different age groups, male and female mortality rate, the risk factors and infarction position, and analyze the cause and time of death. Results: Mortality rate increases with age. Female mortality rate is higher than that of male patients. The mortality rate is apparently higher among the patients with a history of old myocardial infarction (OMI), diabetes mellitus, or hyperlipemia. Mortality rate of front lateral wall myocardial infarction is the highest. Most of the non-survival patients died within one week of hospitalization. Conclusions: Seniority, front lateral wall myocardial infarction, history of diabetes mellitus, OMI and hyperlipemia are the high risk factors of AMI non-survival cases.