高静水压对水稻种子萌发及同工酶的影响

Effect of High Hydrostatic Pressure on Seeds Germination and Seedling Isoenzyme in Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

利用不同静水压力和不同保压时间处理了籼稻粤香占种子,研究发现,随着压力的增加和保压时间的延长,水稻发芽率和成苗率明显下降,高压处理后的水稻在苗期的生长受到明显抑制,大约生长30d株高才赶上对照;聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示高静水压力抑制了种子幼苗的酯酶(Esterase)同工酶的表达,但对其它几种同工酶如过氧化物酶(Peroxidase)、超氧化物歧化酶(SuperoxiderDismutase)和苹果酸酶(MalicEnyme)等影响较小。利用同一压力和保压时间处理,不同类型的水稻(OryzasativaL.)品种种子,其中包括籼稻(粤香占和南京11)、粳稻(秋光和台中65)和中间类型Bulu稻(BuluGendjah和BuluRusa),结果发现所有类型水稻种子的发芽率和成苗率都显著降低,但因水稻类型的不同其影响程度也不同,籼型水稻南京11和粤香占的耐压性最弱,粳型水稻秋光和台中65最强,中间型Bulu水稻BuluGendjah和BuluRusa居中。上述结果表明,静水高压能够显著降低水稻的种子的发芽率和成苗率,抑制幼苗前期的生长和酯酶同工酶的表达。

Three indica rice cultivars seeds,Yuexiangzhan were treated by different high hydrostatic pressure or were kept for different time.As comparison to control,both germination rate and seedling rate decreased considerably with pressure or treated time increasing.Plant growth was inhibited in treated materials during the early growth stage of seedling,but the plant height of treated cultivars could exceed that of control after sowing 30 d.The expression of some isoenzymes,esterase(EST), peroxidase(POX),superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malic enzyme(ME),was studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE), the results indicated that the expression of EST was restrained,whereas the other isoenzymes was affected lettle on expression of POX,SOD and ME.Three types of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars seeds,indica cultivars(Nanjing 11 and Yuexiangzhan),japonica cultivars (Qiuguang and Taizhong 65) and intermediate type between indica cultivars and japonoca cultivars (Bulu Gendjah and Bulu Rusa), were treated by 75 MPa pressure for 10 h.The germination rate and seedling rate of three types rice all decreased. But the decrease was most significant in two indica cultivars(Nanjing 11 and Yuexiangzhan),whereas was least in two japonica cultivars(Qiuguang and Taizhong 65).The results implied that different types of rice cultivars exhibited different responses to high hydrostatic pressure.Japinica cultivars were higher resistance to high pressure than other types of cultivars.The above results showed that high hydrostatic pressure could affect the seeds germination,seedling growth and expression of EST.