改革开放40年学前儿童发展研究进展

Advances in Child Development Research in the Past 40 Years

儿童研究是教育科学化的起点,在学前教育过程中尊重儿童身心发展规律已成为共识。本研究选择儿童发展、学前教育领域的权威期刊《心理发展与教育》与《学前教育研究》,通过文献计量学与信息可视化方法,从文献数量、研究主体、经费来源、研究热点等维度梳理改革开放40年来学前儿童发展研究的历程与进展,结果显示我国儿童发展研究数量与水平均呈上升趋势,高等师范类院校儿童发展心理学领域研究者一直是儿童发展研究的中坚力量;从经费来源来看,对儿童发展研究的基金支持力度整体偏低;从研究热点来看,研究内容日趋丰富、深入。尽管已经积累了丰富的研究成果,我国儿童发展研究仍存在缺乏本土化理论建构、指导实践不足、鲜见跨机构合作的大型纵向项目等问题,今后应更多关注对儿童适应当今信息时代最为关键的发展要素,应重视多方合作建立儿童研究大数据库,应强调儿童的参与,从儿童研究走向"与儿童一起研究"。

There is an increasing awareness that child development research sets the foundation for appropriate early childhood education. Through bibliometric analysis of relevant literature from two representative journals,Psychological Development and Education,and Journal of Studies in Early Childhood Education,progress in research on child development was reviewed from the following dimensions:literature quantity,research institutions, funds and research focuses. Findings suggested an uptrend in child development research in terms of both quantity and quality;researchers from normal colleges and universities have been the main force,while kindergarten teachers start playing an active role;funding for child development research is generally low;and the depth and breadth of studies on child development has been extended to a large extent.It has obtained a large number of achievements in the studies of child development in the past 40 years,however,there is still a lack of construction of Chinese indigenous theories,a lack of linking research to practice,and a lack of longitudinal research. Suggestions are proposed for future studies on child development with respect to research topics,research methods,and research perspectives.