中西方传统经济思想特点的比较

Comparison of Characteristics between the Traditional Chinese and Western Economic Thought

中西方传统经济思想由于面临的地理环境、经济社会形态不同,导致中西方传统经济思想的特点不同。具体而言,中国古代内陆的地理环境和农耕文明的自然经济形态,导致中国传统经济思想是从治国平天下的目标出发来研究经济管理,是中国特有的大一统国家政权和小农经济条件下的产物,特点表现为强调国家本位,抑兼并,国家干预经济占据经济政策的主导地位,经济思想带有浓厚的伦理文化的属性。古希腊海洋文明的地理环境和商业文明的活跃,导致古希腊走上了城邦制分权社会,经济思想的特点是强调庄园本位,维护私有产权制度是关注的重点,从追求财富到研究分工、交换和价值实现为核心,经济思想带有浓厚的宗教文化属性。中西方传统经济思想的特点对之后中西方社会经济的发展产生深远的影响。

Based on different geographical environment and economic and social forms, the traditional Chinese and Western economic thoughts have different characteristics. Specifically, Chinese inland geographical environment and natural economy form of agriculture civilization makes that the aim of Chinese ancient economic thought is to guarantee the country peace and tranquility. The traditional Chinese thought is the product of unified political power and small-scale peasant economy. It lays stress on State Standard and curbing land annexation. State interventionism plays a leading role in economic policy.Besides, it has strong ethical and cultural attributes. While it is the geographical environment and business civilization that makes ancient Greece a decentralized city-state system society. The characteristic of its economic thought is to emphasize manor standard. The economic thought, with strong religious and cultural attributes, focus on how to maintain private property rights system and regards the division of labor,exchange and value realization as the core. These different characteristics exert a profound influence on the development of Chinese and Western economy.