打车软件服务下出租车市场模型与仿真

Model and Simulation of Taxi Market with E-hailing Application

打车软件的出现和普及,在出租车司机和乘客之间建立了一种新的沟通渠道,不仅改变了乘客打车行为、降低了出租车空载率,同时也带来了信息成本。在经典环形城市模型上,结合打车软件和信息成本特点,建立打车软件服务下出租车市场模型,对乘客等车和出租车巡游行为进行描述。提出了模型的仿真算法,通过仿真得到模型随机稳态结果。分析打车软件服务下乘客等车时间,出租车空载率和订单间隔时间分布等,研究结果有助于客观分析打车软件普及使用的利弊,为管理者决策提供依据。

The emergence and popularity of e-hailing applications offer a new way for taxi drivers and passengers to communicate on line, which not only changes the behaviors of passengers and reduce the idle rate of taxi, but also brings the cost of information for taxis and passengers. Referring to the classic circular city model and combining with the characteristics of new way to take taxis and the cost of information, a model of taxi market with e-hailing application is formulated, which describes the behavior of passengers waiting for idle taxis and taxis cruising for un-served passengers. We provided an algorithm to simulate the model and obtained the stochastic steady-state results. Based on the results of simulations,we analyzed the passengers’ waiting time with or without using the e-hailing application, the taxi utilization rate and the gap time between two orders of the taxis. The findings help to cognize the pros and cons of e-hailing applications objectively and offer the reference for decision making.