稀土金属电解槽阳极消耗对电场的影响

Effect of Anode Consumption of Rare Earth Electrolysis Cell on Electric Field

电解过程中阳极的消耗会使电极尺寸和形状发生变化,进而对电场分布产生影响。利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了传统6 kA上插阴阳极式稀土电解槽的3D模型,分别研究了电解过程中阳极呈均匀消耗和非均匀消耗两种形态对电场分布的影响。结果表明,随着阳极炭块消耗量的增加,电极下方电压等势线分布呈现下移趋势,且电场强度不断增加;阳极非均匀消耗时槽电压要比均匀消耗高出130 mV左右,非均匀消耗电场强度比均匀消耗电场强度的增加量呈先增加后减小趋势,在阳极消耗26 mm时增加量达到最大值,为10.45 V·m-1。根据电场仿真的结果,在阳极消耗达到50 mm时进行阳极的更换较为合理,并建议在该电解条件下使阳极保持均匀消耗更有利于电解槽的稳定性。

The electrode structure changes due to the anode carbon blocks are gradually consumed in the rare earth oxide electrolysis process,which greatly affects the electric field distribution of rare earth electrolysis cell.In order to study the effect of electrode structure changes on the electric field distribution,a traditional 6 kA rare earth reduction cell 3-D model was established by ANSYS.The results showed that the distribution of the voltage isopotential line which under the electrode has a downward trend with the anode carbon blocks are consumed,and the cell voltage of the anode non-uniform consumption is 130 mV higher than the uniform consumption.And electric field intensity increase with the anode carbon blocks is consumed,non-uniform consumption electric field intensity increase is more than uniform consumption,finally it will reach the maximum 10.45 V·m-1 when the anode carbon blocks are consumed 26 mm.According to the results of simulation,it is reasonable to carry out the anode replacement when the anode consumption reaches 50 mm,and it is suggested that maintaining the anode evenly is more favorable to the stability of rare earth electrolysis cell.