微波预处理对白云鄂博矿矿物加工效率的影响

Effects of Microwave Treatment on Mineral Processing of Bayan Obo Ores

利用微波的选择性加热特点,在白云鄂博矿矿物加工的若干个节点嵌入微波预处理以期提升矿物加工的效益。系统测试了微波预处理白云鄂博矿对磨矿过程能耗以及磨矿产品特征和可浮性的影响,发现"破碎-微波预处理-磨矿"方案要优于"微波预处理-破碎-磨矿"方案。微波预处理提高了白云鄂博矿的可磨性,减少了能源消耗。借助XRD的检测手段,确定了微波预处理白云鄂博原矿时既能产生裂隙又不使氟碳铈矿物矿相发生变化的作用时间最长为300 s;同时,浮选稀土结果也显示微波预处理时间少于300 s时白云鄂博稀土矿物可浮性没有明显变化,可推断矿相没有改变。微波预处理白云鄂博提高了水力破碎的产率,间接证实了微波作用使不同矿物间产生裂隙的假设。实验发现微波干燥提高矿物的干燥效率,能耗是常规干燥的四分之一,并随着矿物的质量的增加微波干燥的高效愈加明显;而且微波干燥后的浮选稀土的指标高于常规方法干燥的矿物。

Microwave treatment was used in mineral processing of Bayan Obo ores to increase processing efficiency.Effects of microwave treatment on energy consumption of grinding process,characteristics of grinding products and floatability were tested. It was found that the process of crushing-microwave treatment-grinding was better than that of microwave treatment-crushing-grinding. Microwave treatment increased the grindatbility of Bayan Obo ores and decreased energy consumption of grinding process. XRD analysis showed that microwave treatment in grinding process for 300 seconds genenated fractures in ores and kept mineral structure of bastnaesite unchanged. Flotation results confinmed that microwave treatment for less than300 seconds kept floatability of Bayan Obo ores unchanged. Microwave treatment enhanced productivity of high pressure water jet comminution. Microwave drying improved the drying efficience and floatability of minerals.