嵌入式SoC中的DMA控制器的设计与优化

The Design and Optimization of DMA Controller in Embedded System-on-a-Chip

当前 ,嵌入式微处理器已从单一功能转向集成更多功能的片上系统 (SoC)。新增和改进功能往往意味着大量的数据传输 ,使得I O设备和存储器之间的数据交换成为新的瓶颈 ,直接存储器存取 (DMA)技术可以有效地缓解这一瓶颈并提高数据传输效率。文中主要介绍一种嵌入式SoC中的DMA控制器的设计 ,分析了DMA控制器在一个具体应用中的运行性能 ,并在原有基础上进行了优化 ,根据部分外设的数据吞吐量提出了DMA与AC97控制器之间的专用通道思想 ,实现音频数据的实时传输 ,以满足系统需求 ,并给出了实验数据。

As the arriving of 21st century's information era, Microprocessors, the core of information technology, become more and more integrated. Especially, embedded microprocessors are changing from single function ASIC to complex function SoC. The newly functions will result in more data transfer, such as the data transfer between I/O peripherals and memories. The technology of direct memory access (DMA) will achieve the data transfering efficiently. The aim of our study is to design a DMA Controller in an embedded microprocessor. We also analyzes the performances of the DMA Controller in a given application, and do some optimizations based on the analysis. The results indicate that we realize the real time audio-date transfering and satisfy the demands of system.