抗争与妥协:国民党与新闻界博弈下的新闻检查(1927-1937)

To Research Press Censorship On 1927-1937

抗战前十年,国民党战时担心新闻危害军事,停战时害怕新闻祸及社会,因此新闻检查成为一种必要。面对国民党的新闻检查,基于言论出版自由的立场,海内外新闻界进行口诛笔伐,以团体形式向国民党党部与政府发起请愿。迫于现实情况,新闻界放弃完全取消新闻检查的诉求,有条件地认同新闻检查,要求当局依法与合理检查,并为新闻检查的改善出谋划策。在这场双方围绕管制与自由的博弈中,新闻检查经过早期由军警部门主持的、各自为政的混乱阶段后,进入由国民党中央宣传部主导的统一部署阶段,承诺以保护为主,限制为辅,标榜依法检查,最终建立一套完整的新闻检查制度。

Ten years before the Anti-Japanese War,the KMT was worried about news endangered mili-tary during the war and harmed to society during the peace time,so it is a necessary of censorship.In the face of the KMT censorship,based on the position of press freedom of speech,press criticized with editorials and by the group in the form of a petition to the Kuomintang and the government.Because of the reality,the press a-bandoned completely abolished censorship demands,and conditionally agreed to censorship,asked the Govern-ment to reasonable inspection news,and provided the ideas about improving the censorship.Both sides in this game around the control and freedom,in the early press censorship by the police department hosted their own way,then,it was dominated by the Central Propaganda Department of the Ministry of Unification,committed to protect mainly and limit the supplement,advertised according to inspection advertised according to inspec-tion.Eventually ,set up a complete set of news censorship was established.