江西省肠道寄生虫病流行状况和变化趋势

Epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province

目的了解1989–2014年江西省人体肠道寄生虫病流行状况和变化趋势,为制定防治对策提供科学依据。方法从1989年首次全国人体寄生虫分布调查和2014年全国人体重点寄生虫病现状调查结果中提取江西省调查数据,对2次调查中江西省人体肠道寄生虫感染情况进行比较分析。结果 1989年和2014年江西省人体肠道寄生虫感染率分别为79.59%和9.64%,25年间感染率下降了87.89%(χ~2=30 870.5,P <0.01);1989年和2014年江西省分别检出24种和20种人体肠道寄生虫,2次调查共检出26种人体肠道寄生虫。1989年调查,江西省感染率居前3位的人体肠道寄生虫分别是蛔虫(71.06%)、钩虫(17.61%)和蛲虫(17.59%);2014年调查,感染率居前3位的人体肠道寄生虫分别是蛲虫(13.73%)、钩虫(4.66%)和鞭虫(0.95%)。2次调查中,江西省女性人体肠道寄生虫感染率均显著高于男性(P均<0.01);25年间,不同年龄组人体肠道寄生虫感染率下降82.50%~95.31%。结论江西省人群肠道寄生虫感染率呈显著下降趋势,土源性线虫仍然是人体肠道寄生虫感染的主要虫种。

Objective To understand the epidemiological features and changing patterns of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province from 1989 to 2014,so as to provide scientific evidence for formulating the preventive and control strategy for intestinal parasitic diseases.Methods The data regarding the status of intestinal parasitic diseases in Jiangxi Province were captured from the 1989 national survey on the distribution of human parasites in China and the 2014 national survey on major human parasitic diseases in China,and the status of human intestinal parasite infections was compared between the two surveys in Jiangxi Province.Results The prevalence rate of human intestinal parasite infections was 79.59%and 9.64%in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014,with a decline rate of 87.89%during the 25-year period(χ~2=30 870.5,P<0.01).There were 24 and 20 species of human intestinal parasites detected in Jiangxi Province in 1989 and 2014,respectively,with totally 26 species detected during the two surveys.In Jiangxi Province,the 3 most highly prevalent human intestinal parasites included Ascaris lumbricoides(71.06%),hookworm(17.61%)and Enterobius vermicularis(17.59%)in 1989,and E.vermicularis(13.73%),hookworm(4.66%),whipworm(0.95%)in 2014.A higher rate of human intestinal parasite infections was found in females than in males in both surveys in Jiangxi Province(P<0.01),and the prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections reduced by 82.50%to95.31%in different age groups in Jiangsu Province during the 25-year period.Conclusions The prevalence of human intestinal parasite infections shows a remarkable decline tendency in Jiangxi Province,and soil-transmitted nematodes remain the main species of human intestinal parasites in Jiangxi Province.