无溶剂纳米类流体的研究进展

Progress in the Solvent-free Nano Liquid-like Fluid

纳米结构功能化的实现带来了多种具有新特性的纳米材料,从而促进了纳米科技的快速发展。通过对纳米粒子进行表面改性,即接枝和化学反应在其表面引入长链离子,形成包覆于粒子表层的核-壳结构。这种结构赋予其众多新的功能化特性,进而扩展了纳米材料的应用范围。采用该法制备的无溶剂纳米类流体是一种在接近室温或者室温的条件下,不借助溶剂便可产生流动行为的悬浮液体,具有独特的化学和物理性质,如光致发光、高的电导率、增塑和热稳定性等。本文综合了国内外对于无溶剂纳米类流体的合成方法和结构性能的研究进展,总结了存在的疑点和问题,对无溶剂纳米类流体的发展趋势做出了展望。

Realization of the functionalized nanostructure brings on much new nanomaterial, which promotes the development of nanotechnology rapidly. Surface modification of the nanoparticles involves long-chain anions form a core-shell structure which gives numerous new functionalized characters, and then extend the applied range of nanomaterial. Solvent-free Nano liquid-like fluids prepared in this way are able to flow in the room temperature or approximate the ambient temperature without any solvent.Also they have unique chemical and physical properties, such as photoluminescence properties, high conductivity, softening, and thermo-stabilization and so on. Synthesis and structural characters researches are reviewed in this review.