汽车平顺性的建模分析及研究

Modeling analysis and research of automobile ride

通过分析汽车振动源和人体对振动的反应,利用模拟技术,建立了十三自由度人—椅—车系统的动力学模型,运用随机振动理论给出了振动形态、传递函数、车轮的动载荷、座椅加速度等参量,并利用已有的汽车数据,对汽车行驶时的振动特性进行了模拟,得到了如下结论:发动机与轮胎刚度、减振器阻尼对后排座椅处的振动影响不大;后排座椅的垂直刚度增加很大时,对垂直方向振动影响比较大;后桥刚度、阻尼对后排座椅处的振动影响较大,后轮胎刚度增加,则振动加强;后桥刚度对汽车平顺性有一定影响,后桥的刚度减小,则后排座椅处垂直加速度相应减小.使用该模型可对汽车行驶平顺性进行预测或评估.

From the analysis of automobile vibration sources and the human responses to vibration,a mechanic dynamics model of man—chair—vehicle system with 13 degrees of freedom is built by simulating technology。Using the random vibration theory,the calculating methods are developed for parameters,including vibration pattern,transfer function,wheel transient load,and acceleration of seat rank parameter. With available data of motor,and the simulation calculating results about vibration characteristics are given as follows: the engine, the stiffness of wheel tire and damping of the automobile shock absorber have not much effect on the vibration of the seat;vertical stiffness of back row seat has much effect on the vertical vibration as it gets larger;the stiffness and damping of back shock absorber have much effect on the vibration of back row seat; the greater the stiffness of wheel tire is, the more the vibration increases; the stiffness of back shock absorber has some effect on the automobile ride quality。As the stiffness of back shock absorber decreases,the vertical acceleration of the back row seat decreases。With this simulation software, automobile ride quality can be predicted or evaluated.