民机空中交通警戒与防撞系统目标跟踪算法

Target Tracking for Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System of Civil Aircraft

空中交通警戒与防撞系统(TCAS)是航空电子综合环境监视系统的一个重要组成部分,它能有效降低空中飞行器间的碰撞威胁,对于提高飞行安全有着非常重要的意义。TCAS是一种不依赖地面设备的空中交通防撞系统。它能够探测在其领域内装有空中交通管制应答机的飞机,向驾驶员报告潜在的相撞目标。目标跟踪是TCAS的一个重要模块,能提供目标的飞行状态信息,并对目标的未来飞行状态进行预测。对空中目标进行稳定、高精确度的跟踪是目标跟踪模块的重要任务。本文介绍了基于扩展卡尔曼和交互式多模型(IMM-EKF)的目标跟踪算法,实现对目标的精确跟踪。通过仿真验证,证明算法能实现精确的目标跟踪,对防止空中相撞起到了积极作用。

Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System(TCAS) plays an important role in the Aircraft Environment Surveillance System. It can help to reduce the risk of midair collisions between aircrafts. It is crucial to flight safety enhancement. TCAS is the air collision avoidance system without ground instrumentation. It detects the plane by air traffic control responder beacon system, and makes warnings for potential collision targets. Targets Tracker is important to the TCAS. It not only provides the states of targets, but predicts the states of targets in the future. Aimed at the target motion uncertainty and dynamic model nonlinear, Interacting Multiple Model algorithm based on Extended Kalman Filter(IMM-EKF) is proposed. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm provides precise tracking of target, which works well for traffic alert and collision avoidance.