基于扎根理论的中小企业微创新动力机制研究——采用浙江5市44家中小企业的调查数据

A Research on the Micro-innovation Dynamic Mechanism of SME Based on Grounded Theory:With Survey Data of 44 SMEs in 5 Cities of Zhejiang Province

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,企业开始探索新的创新模式。微创新以其试错性、快速市场反应性和不断迭代性越来越受到中小企业的欢迎与青睐。基于质化研究方法扎根理论,以对浙江省5市共44家企业的深度访谈数据为基础,借助Nvivo11.0软件辅助编码,探索中小企业实施微创新行为的深层次驱动因素。研究发现,市场驱动、技术进步与扩散、政府行为引导与政策激励、利益驱动力、创新能力、企业文化6个主范畴相互耦合并影响企业微创新行为,其中,利益驱动力、创新能力是直接驱动因素,市场驱动、技术进步与扩散、政府行为引导是间接驱动因素,企业文化既是直接动力又是间接动力。在此基础上,进一步构建中小企业微创新动力机制模型,深入剖析不同因素对企业微创新行为的内在作用机理以及因素之间的相互作用关系,将推动微创新的动力因素纳入较为完整的分析框架当中,对拓展相关的理论研究和指导实践活动具有积极意义。

Faced with the increasingly fierce market competition,companies are beginning to explore new innovation models.The micro-innovation is becoming more and more popular in SMEs(small medium enterprise)for its features of the trial and error,the rapid market responsiveness and the continuous iteration.The purpose of this study is to identify the driving factors of SMEs’microinnovation by using the Nvivo11.0 based on the in-depth interview of the 44 firms in 5 cities of Zhejiang Province and the qualitative study of the grounded theory.The results show that there are six major categories interconnected with each other,e.g.the market driver,the technological progress and proliferation,the government action guidance and policy incentive,the interest driver,the innovation capability and the corporate culture,which affects the SMEs’micro-innovation behavior.Among them,the interest driver and the innovation capability are direct driving factors,whereas the market driver,the technological progress and proliferation,and the government action guidance and policy incentive are indirect driving factors.And the corporate culture has both direct and indirect influences.Based on the above findings,a micro-innovation dynamic mechanism model is constructed to analyze the intrinsic mechanism of all factors and the interaction among them on the firm’s micro-innovation behavior.The framework provided in the study has a positive significance in expanding the relevant theoretical research and can be served as a guide of practical activities.