基于价值共创和交易成本的共享经济平台架构流程研究——以Airbnb为例

Research on the Architecture and Process of Sharing Economy Platform Based on Value Co-creation and Transaction Cost:A Case Study of Airbnb

随着共享经济的迅速发展,平台企业商业活动中的参与者和资源分配都发生了转变,其商业模式也随之改变。新兴共享经济平台的价值共创流程和面临的交易成本使其具有强竞争力,大幅挤占市场份额。以Airbnb为样本,采用案例分析法进行实证研究,构建共享经济平台模式架构流程,并识别流程中具体的价值共创步骤、类型以及交易成本降低的步骤。研究发现,共享经济平台架构流程主要通过提供者、使用者和平台三类交易主体的互动形成,并在四个消费阶段产生价值共创活动。由提供者、使用者和两者互动发起,创造出情感、功能和社会三种类别的价值。而降低交易成本的步骤主要在消费的四个阶段由共享经济平台促成。

With the rapid development of the sharing economy,the participants and resource allocation in the business activities of platform enterprises have changed,and so have their business models.The efficient value co-creation process and low transaction costs of the emerging sharing economy platform make it highly competitive and able to significantly occupy the market share.This paper takes Airbnb as a case study to conduct empirical research,thus to build the architecture and process of a sharingeconomy-platform business model,and to identify specific steps,types,and transaction cost reduction steps of value co-creation.It is found that the sharing economy platform’s architecture and process are mainly formed by the interaction of providers,users and platforms,generating value co-creation activities in four stages of consumption.Initiated by the provider,the user,or the interaction between these two,values are created in three categories:emotional,functional,and social.The steps to reduce transaction costs are mainly driven by the sharing economy platform in four stages of consumption.