论批评报道对象的虚指化现象

On the vagueness of criticism in the media

批评报道虚指化是指在批评报道中媒体或记者故意对批评对象的身份进行模糊处理,使其身份不可指认。这种传播方式在新闻报道中广泛存在,并具有一些积极的功能,它可以有效地控制批评报道的杀伤力,有效地促进报道对象的转变,取得泛化社会效果。但这种报道方式又同时具有一些消极功能,它容易使新闻的真实性受到影响,受众的知晓权受到侵害,在某种程度上削弱了批评报道的战斗力,甚至伤及无辜。作为一种新闻传播形式,它的合理存在空间是批评对象为普通人物,且罪错轻微,或者批评对象为妇女或未成年人。

By vagueness is meant the way the critic reporters use intentionally to blur the identity of exact targets in media. This transmission is extensively adopted with positive effect in that it can belittle the harms and help improve the criticized, and thus achieve an extensive social effect. However, the other side of the means is that it is likely to cause aberrancy of the truth of news, do harm to the public or even the innocent, and lessen the power of criticism. Hence, this means of transmission is proper for majority with misdemeanors, women or juveniles as target of criticism.