非洲国家的军队及其对社会发展的影响

THE IMPACT OF ARMY ON SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICAN COUNTRIES

非洲国家的军队是国家政权的一个重要组成部分。它担负着保卫国家安全,稳定局势,确保一定的政治、经济路线顺利推行的任务。在国家政治生活中起着举足轻重的作用,直接影响社会的发展。为探讨非洲国家军队对社会发展的影响,本文将从非洲国家军队的状况、特点、活动和发展趋势进行分析。

The army of African countries is one of the important components ofstate power. Its evolution is determined by the situation of the state'spolitical and cconomic developments and in turn it gives a great impact on them. The establishment of the army in African countries--in the time aroundtheir independence ---was under very poor conditions in which many countrieswere facing sharp contradictions internally and externally and havingbackward economic, scientific and cultural heritages. Hence the emergence ofthe army was accompanied with such inherent characteristics as follows: (1)the army commands a high political position in the country; (2) it aims atpacifying home troubles rather than preventing external invasion; (3) its weaponsupply relys on importation; (4) its officers are trained in foreign countries; and (5) there are deep tribal prejudices in the army. The army of African countries bears the roles of safeguarding nationalsecurity, stabilizing home situation, and assuring the smooth implementationof the political and economic lines of the country, consequently it holds adecisive influence in national political life. Recently, follwing the worseningof economic conditions in Africa, the social contradictions there have been incr-easingly sharpening. These intensely political and economic situations broughtabout a deep effect on African army embodying following aspects: (1) economicdifficulties make coups' d'etat more frequently; (2) the wide--spreading anti-government armed struggles make futher growth of military expenses; (3) theupgrade of the contradictions inside and outside the army will precipitate itsreform.