2010-2014年中国南京地区自愿无偿献血者梅毒流行趋势分析

Detection of Syphilis Infection among Voluntary Blood Donors from 2010 to 2014 in Chinese Nanjing Area

目的:了解中国南京地区自愿无偿献血者中梅毒流行病学特征,加强血液质量控制,为制定经血梅毒传播防治策略提供依据。方法:采用双抗原夹心酶联免疫法检测,严格按照试剂盒使用说明书进行操作,对初检结果有反应性者进行双孔复试。结果:从2010-2014年共检测南京地区献血者血液样本362 425人份,其中梅毒螺旋体检测阳性1 277例,阳性率为0.35%,不同年份阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(X^2=265.679,P<0.001),5年的变化趋势有统计学意义(X^2_(趋势)=237.928,P<0.001);18-29岁年龄组梅毒螺旋体检测阳性数最多,阳性率最低为0.23%,50岁以上阳性率最高0.84%,不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(X^2=361.620,P<0.001);男性献血者梅毒螺旋体检测阳性率为0.32%,低于女性献血者梅毒螺旋体检测阳性率(0.42%),不同性别组间差异有统计学意义(X2=24.659,P<0.001);农民梅毒螺旋体检测阳性率最高为1.07%,学生梅毒螺旋体检测阳性率最低为0.19%,不同职业组间差异有统计学意义(X^2=300.198,P<0.001);初中及以下学历献血者梅毒螺旋体检测阳性率最高为0.59%,大学本科献血者梅毒螺旋体检测阳性率最低,为0.19%,不同文化程度组间差异有统计学意义(X^2=241.734,P<0.001);经过X^2检验、趋势X^2检验分析,不同性别、年龄、文化程度、职业组间差异有统计学意义,5年的变化趋势有统计学意义。结论:加大无偿献血知识宣传,特别对于高危人群的健康教育,做好献血前的征询工作。为保证临床供血安全,应从低危人群中招募献血者,发展固定献血者队伍,降低血液报废。

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of syphilis infection in blood donors of Chinese Nanjing area,to strengthen control of blood quality and to provide the scientific evidence for working out the strategy of prevention and treatment of syphilis infection.Methods:Firstly the double antigen sandwich ELISA was carried out according to its instructions,test results showing positive will be examed by double orifice second-round.Results:A total of 362425 blood samples were collected from 2010 to 2014,among them 1277 positive samples were detected.The average rate of syphilis infection was 0.35%.The positive rates of different old years were statistically different(χ~2 =265.679,P < 0.001),and the change trend of 5 years was statistically different(χ_(trend)~2= 237.928,P <0.001).Among all age groups in the detection of treponema pallidema(TP),the most amount of positive samples and the lowest positive ratio 0.23%were found in the group 18 to 29 years old.The highest positive ratio was shown in age50 years old and above.There was statistical different in all age groups(χ~2= 361.620,P < 0.001).The positive ratio of the detection of TP was 0.32%in male donors which was lower than that in female donors(0.42%).There was statistical different in all sex groups(χ~2=24.659,P <0.001).Peasant group had the highest positive ratio(1.07%) in the detection of TP and the student group had the lowest positive ratio(0.19%).There was statistical different in all occupation groups(χ~2=300.198,P < 0.001).Junior and under group had the highest positive ratio(0.59%) in the detection of TP and the undergraduates group has the lowest positive ratio(0.19%).There was statistical different in all education groups(χ~2=241.734,P < 0.001).Through chi-square test and trend test analysis showed that there was statistical different in sex,age,educational level and occupation differences.The tendency of the groups' statistics in 5years is equally important.Conclusion:It is necessary to publicize blood donation information consultation scientifically before blood donation,especially for high-risk population.To ensure blood supply safety,it is important to recruit lowrisk blood donors and develop permanent voluntary blood donors for reducing blood waste.