抗体诱导免疫性溶血病SD大鼠模型的建立及组织病理研究

Establishment of Antibody-induced Immune Hemolytic Disease Model in SD Rats and Their Pathotogical Changes

目的:建立抗体诱导免疫性溶血病SD大鼠模型,为其发病机制与病程研究及药物疗效评价提供实验平台。方法:分离SD大鼠红细胞并将其腹腔注入BALB/c小鼠,诱导其产生抗SD大鼠红细胞抗体血清。取20只SD大鼠随机分为2组,其模型组经尾静脉注射0.1 ml抗血清;给予对照组尾静脉注射0.1 ml生理盐水,分别观察两组大鼠全身反应、溶血相关指标及主要脏器组织病理学改变。结果:注射抗血清后,模型组SD大鼠鼻翼煽动、懒动、摄水摄食能力减弱、肉眼可见的皮肤黏膜黄疸及血红蛋白尿,d 4模型组SD大鼠较对照组大鼠体重明显下降(P <0.01),肝脏与脾脏系数明显上升(P <0.01);血WBC、MCV、MCH、DBIL、DBIL/TBIL、FHb值水平均明显升高,RBC、Hb、HCT、MCHC、Plt数值水平均明显下降,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。模型组SD大鼠肝、脾、肾、肺及小肠镜下均可见溶血性病理改变,骨髓涂片可见骨髓红系明显增生。结论:通过对SD大鼠尾静脉注射BALB/C小鼠抗SD大鼠红细胞抗体血清,可以成功建立SD大鼠免疫性溶血病模型,且成功率高、重复性佳,成本低等优点。

Objective:To establish the model of antibody-induced immune hemolytic disease in SD rats so as to provide an experimental platform for the exploration of its pathogenesis,course of disease and evaluation of drug efficacy.Methods:The red blood cells(RBC)of SD rats were isolated and intraperitoneally injected into BALB/c mice to induce production of the antiserum to SD rat RBC.Twenty SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups.The rats in the model group were injected with 0.1 ml antiserum via tail vein;the rats in the control group were injected with0.1 ml saline via tail vein.The symptoms of rats,hemolysis-related indexes and histopathological changes of the main organs were observed in both groups after injection.Results:After the injection of antiserum,the SD rats in the model group displayed nasal flaring,laziness,decrease of ingestion and water intake,skin and mucosal jaundice,and gross hemoglobinuria.At the 4 th day after the injection,the body weight of SD rats in the model group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01),and the coefficiens of liver and spleen increased significantly(P<0.01);The levels of WBC,MCV,MCH,DBIL,DBIL/TBIL and FHb all increased statistically significantly,and RBC,Hb,HCT,MCHC and Plt levels decreased significantly in comparison with the control group(P<0.01).In the SD rats of model group,the hemolytic pathological changes were observed in liver,spleen,kidney,lung and small intestine,and erythroid proliferation was observed in bone marrow smears.Conclusion:The immune hemolytic disease model of SD rats can be successfully established by injecting the serum aginst SD rat red blood cells into the tail vein of SD rats,showing the high success rate,good reproducibility and low cost.