再论印度绘画的“凹凸法”

Review on the Shading and Highlighting Techniques of Hinduka

"凹凸法"又名"天竺遗法",指的是古代印度绘画中的染色方法。汉译佛经和梵语文献《画经》都有关于这种方法的记载,印度阿旃陀石窟现在保存着较多的用"凹凸法"绘制的壁画实物。本文逐一分析文字记载和壁画实物,综合三种资料总结出印度古代绘画中凹凸效果的三种表现方式,比较了克孜尔石窟、敦煌莫高窟的壁画和南北朝、隋唐时期中原地区的凹凸画与印度古代绘画在"凹凸法"应用上的异同。

Shading and Highlighting techniques of Hinduka refer to a colouring method of Ancient Indian paintings.Recordings of this technique can be found in both Chinese translated Buddhist texts and Sanskrit texts,while Ajanta Caves preserve a number of murals painted with the technique.The article studies on the above literature and murals,indicating three different patterns of the technique in manifestation,with further stretch to the comparison of paintings from Kizil Caves,Mogao Caves and shaded and highlighted paintings of Southern and Northern Dynasties and Tang Dynasty with Ancient India paintings.