咸丰七年藏军营制变革研究——以《整饬藏军营制章程六条》的提出、颁行和基本废止为中心

The Research on Changes to the System of Tibetan Camp on the Xianfeng Seven Years——A Focal Discussion on the Put Forward, Proposed and Basically Abolished Tothe“Article Six of the Camp System”

藏军营制的完善与否直接关系到藏军的发展和西藏地方的稳定,因此在清代西藏地方史上占据了重要的地位。咸丰五年廓尔喀第三次侵藏战争的爆发及之后《中尼条约》的签订暴露出西藏地方军备废弛的客观局面,驻藏办事大臣赫特贺面对这一形势于咸丰七年提出了《整饬藏军营制章程六条》这一变革藏军营制的方案。《整饬藏军营制章程六条》是咸丰年间在治藏政策上的一次重要尝试,但是这一整饬主张最终却被基本废止,其废止表明清代后期西藏地方局面之复杂性和咸丰年间在治藏政策上的不稳定性。

The improvement of the system of the Tibetan army is directly related to the development ofthe Tibetan army and the stability of the Tibet area. Therefore, it occupies an important position in the history ofthe development of Tibet in the Qing Dynasty. Xianfeng five years(A.D.1855) Gurkhas invaded Tibet and afterTreaty signed exposed objective situation to Tibet arms breakdowns, the Tibet affairs minister Hetehe face thissituation in Xianfeng seven years(A.D. 1857) and put forward 'The article six of the camp system'. 'The articlesix of the camp system' is an important attempt during the reign of emperor Xianfeng, but this straighten claimswere eventually abrogated. The abolition of it showed that the complexity of the Tibetan local situation in the lateQing Dynasty and instability governing Tibet policy on Xianfeng reign.