政策终结议程设置中的社会行动者:现象图景、知识介入及理论修补

Social Actors in Agenda-setting of Policy Termination:Phenomena,Knowledge and Theory Amendment

政策终结议程设置是政府对问题政策进行识别及认定的过程,日益受到非政府组织、大众传媒、行业专家以及普通公众等社会行动者的影响。这种影响深刻地揭示了知识生产的社会弥散这一新的知识生成模式,社会行动者会自己寻求一些新的知识,加深对政策终结议程的理解并对政府的表现做出更明智的判断,政府很难再按传统的做法对其进行操控和限制。这就要求对政策终结议程设置的规则进行变革。尽管政策科学家提供了多样的规则方案,但大都以工业社会的个人主义假设为起点,忽视了以伦理特征出现的个人。因此,除了对政策终结议程设置个人主义假设进行理论修订以外,政府及其公共行政人员应秉持开放合作的视野,将社会行动者看作政策终结议程设置的助推因素,以此来发现公共利益并推进社会治理能力提升。

Agenda-setting of policy termination is a process of recognizing problems from the perspective of government,which is gradually influenced by growing NGO,mass media,industry experts and general publics.The influence reveals a new generating patterns of knowledge—social diffusion of knowledge production.Social actors will acquire their new knowledge to enhance their comprehension of agenda-setting of policy termination and make a wise judgment accordingly so that the government is hard to manipulate and limit them in a traditional way.The rules of agenda-setting have to be reformed for policy scientists started their researches with individualistic hypothesis of industry society,in which they neglected individuals with morals,although they provided a variety of regulation schemes.Therefore,besides theoretical amendment to individualistic hypothesis of agendasetting,the government and its administrative staffs should open their heart to hug the social actors as the impetus of agenda-setting of policy termination so as to improve the public interests and social governance ability.