提高比利时高级公务员问责水平的措施:基于联邦层面政治行政体制的策略分析

The measures adopted to increase the accountability of Belgium's senior civil servants:strategic analysis of the political-administrative system at federal level

过去的十多年间,像很多经合组织(OECD)国家一样,比利时已经开始着手于公共事务管理的现代化。2000年4月,比利时联邦政府启动了一项有关国家结构和功能的具有深远影响的改革:哥白尼计划。该改革引入的变革宏愿之一就是高级公务员的问责。伴随着这一改革,很多措施被提出,但效果参差不一。本文旨在通过分析利益相关人的行为及其对问责机制的规制和实施的影响,来分析这些问责机制的效果。为此,笔者采用了克罗泽和弗里德博格(Crozier and Friedberg,1977)提出的策略分析。由此,本文特别强调了利益相关人应对提高问责水平措施中的相互作用,目的在于理解某些仍在阻碍现代化进程的僵局。

Over the past decade,Belgium,like many OECD countries,has set out to modernize the management of its public affoirs.In April 2000,the Belgian federal government adopted a far-reaching reform of the structures and functioning of the State:the Copernic Plan.One of the ambiti ons of the cha nges in traduced by the reform is the accountability of senior civil servants.In line with this reform,various measures were developed,the results of which appear to be mixed.This article aims to analyse the outcome of these mechanisms through the behaviour of the stakeholders and their impacts on the regulation and prac-tice of the mechanisms.To do this,the author uses the strategic analysis developed by Crozier and Friedberg(1977).In doing so,the interact!on of the stakeholders in response to the measures introduced to increase accountability is highlighted in order to under-stand certain stand-offs still blocking the processes of modernization.