你是谁/住在哪里:居住小区的特征能解释合作生产吗?

Who you are/where you live:do neighbourhood characteristics explain co-production?

合作生产为公民与公共服务提供者之间建立了互动关系。因此,成功的合作生产需要公民的参与。一般而言,诸如年龄、性别和收入等个体特征常用于解释为什么公民会参与合作生产。相比之下,居住小区层面的变量却很少受到关注。不过,合作生产的文献以及社会资本和城市规划理论都很好地解释了居住小区变量为什么与合作生产是相关的。本文对一项公共设施问题的报告项目中公民报告倡议的管理记录进行了考察。该合作生产项目位于比利时(Belgium)安特卫普市(Antwerp)的德尔纳(Deurne)区。本文运用多层次分析(multilevel analysis)同步评估小区特征与个体变量的影响。尽管本研究提到了一般用以解释合作生产的个体变量,但我们发现,小区特征也能突出地解释合作生产。因此,我们的研究认为参与合作生产活动不仅由你是谁所决定,还由你住在哪里所决定。

Co-production establishes an interactive relationship between citizens and public service providers.Successful co-production hence requires the engagement of citizens.Typically,individual characteristics such as age,gender,and income are used to explain why citizens co-produce.In contrast,neighbourhood-level variables receive less attention.Nevertheless,the co-production literature,as well as social capital and urban planning theory,provides good arguments why neighbourhood variables may be relevant In this study,we examine the administrative records of citizen-initiated contacts in a reporting programme for problems in the public domain.This co-production programme is located in the district of Deurne in the city of Antwerp,Belgium.A multilevel analysis is used to simultaneously assess the impact of neighbourhood characteristics and individual variables.While the individual variables usually found to explain co-production are present in our case,we also find that neighbourhood characteristics significantly explain co-production.Thus,our findings suggest that participation in co-production activities is determined not only by who you are,but also by where you live.