意大利的移民融入政策制定:多层治理视角下的大区政策

Immigrant integration policymaking in Italy:regional policies in a multi-level governance perspective

本文通过考察意大利近期移民形势来参与“地方治理转向”的讨论。我们分析了意大利伦巴第、皮埃蒙特和艾米利亚-罗马涅三个大区的移民融入政策和治理过程,目的是更好地阐释决定移民融入政策的多层治理关系,涉及多层治理纵向与横向维度之间的相互依存。分析呈现了不同的多层治理安排,突出了制度因素和组织因素在解释大区差异上的重要性。社会政策领域中的通行做法以及已经固化的公共部门与非政府组织之间的关系、大区政府的内部构成(专业化职员对通用化官员)以及意识形态,看似都起作用。本文还讨论了这一分析对多层治理的学术意义,表明我们需要中规中矩的理论方法。

This article contributes to the debate on the'local governance turn'by considering a recent immigration context:the ltalian case.We analyse integration policies and governance processes in three regions:Lombardy,Piedmont and Emilia-Romagna.The aim is to shed new light on the multi-level governance relations that shape immigrant integration policies,taking into account the interdependencies of the vertical and horizontal dimensions of multi-level governance.The analysis points out the emergence of different multi-level governance arrangements and highlights the relevance of institutional and organisational factors in accounting for local differentiation.General traditions and established public-non-governmental organisation relations in the social policy field,the internal organisation of the regional administration(specialised staff versus general bureaucratic apparatus),and the role of ideology appear to make a difference.The implications of this analysis for multi-level governance scholarship are discussed,emphasising the need for a middle-range theory approch.