提高能力、增强动机、增加机会的人力资源措施对公共部门绩效产出影响的研究

Studying the impact of ability-, motivation- and opportunity-enhancing human resources practices on various performance outcomes in the public sector

背景:为回应近来文献中关于分解人力资源系统和绩效的要求,本研究考察了提高能力、增强动机和增加机会的人力资源措施对公共组织效果、效率和公平性的影响,其中工作满意度被视为中介变量。目的:将大多在私人部门中进行的人力资源管理和绩效研究中得到的观点与公共管理文献结合起来,以便深刻理解公共部门中人力资源管理与绩效的关系。方法:采用自助抽样法进行回归分析,以检验中介效应。结果:分析表明提高能力、增强动机和增加机会这三项人力资源措施对公共部门的三种绩效产出有不同的影响。而且结果显示,提高能力和增加机会的人力资源措施与绩效产出的相关性显著地高于增强动机的人力资源措施。结论:分解人力资源管理和绩效有助于更加深刻地理解人力资源管理-绩效关系。对实践工作者的启示结果显示,在人力资源管理上的投入对绩效产出有积极的影响。而且,本研究结果表明,公共绩效的不同方面需要采取不同的人力资源方法。如果要改善效果,在提高能力的人力资源措施上投入似乎特别重要。所有的人力资源措施都能改善效率,但提高能力的措施尤为显著。但是,如果是寻求改善公平性,在增强动机的人力资源措施上投入似乎效果微弱。

Background:In response recent calls in the literature to decompose both the human resources system and performance,this study has examined the effects of ability-,motivation-and opportunity-enhancing human resources practices on the effectiveness,efficiency and faimess of public organizations,with job satisfaction considered as a mediating variable.Aim:Insights from Human Resource Management and performance research,mostly conducted in the private sector,have been combined with public management literature in order to gain insight into the Human Resource Management-performance relation-ship in the public sector.Method:Regression analysis with a bootstrapping method was used t test the mediat-ing effects..Results:The analysis showed that the three human resources components heterogeneously impact upon the three performance outcomes.Further,the results showed that ability-enhancing and opportunity-enhancing human resources practices are more strongly related performance outcomes than motivation-enhancing human resources practices.Conclusion:Decomposing Human Resource Management and performance provides greater insight into the Human Resource Management-performance relationship.Points for practitioners The results show that investing in Human Resource Management positively influences performance outcomes.Moreover,our results show that various aspects of public per formance require different human resources approaches.Investing in ability-enhancing human resources practices seems to be particularly relevant if one wants to enhance effectiveness.All the human resources practices,but especially ability-enhancing ones,are relevant to enhancing efficiency.However,investing in motivation-enhancing human resources practices seems make lttle sense if one is seeking enhance fairness.