美国教师教育课程价值取向的转型

The Switch of the Value Orientation of American Teacher Education Programs

美国教师教育课程经历了从知识取向、能力取向、标准取向向儿童学习结果取向的转型。前三种价值取向是以未来教师为中心,强调其基本教学知识与技能的掌握;后一种取向是以儿童的学习与发展为中心,用儿童学习结果来评价教师教育课程及未来教师的有效性,以确保教师教育的质量。这一转型对我国教师教育发展具有重要借鉴价值。

The value orientation of American teacher education programs has experienced the shift from knowledge,skills and standards to the present children's learning outcome orientation.The first three orientations are centered on future teachers,which emphasize teachers' basic teaching knowledge and skills.Since the end of the 20 th century,however,the focus of American teacher education programs has switched to children.In this new value orientation,children's learning outcomes are used to judge the efficiency of teacher education programs and the quality of future teachers.This switch has great enlightenment for teacher education in China.