不同类型心肌病患者心脏超声特点差异性分析

Differential analysis of cardiac ultrasonic features in patients with different types of cardiomyopathy

目的分析不同类型心肌病患者心脏超声特点的差异。方法将2017年1月至2018年9月在卫辉市人民医院就诊的55例扩张型心肌病患者(DCM组)和55例缺血性心肌病患者(ICM组)纳入研究,所有患者均接受超声心动图检查,对比两组患者LVEDD、LVESD、LAD、RAD、RVD、EF、FS、SV等超声心动图参数及心脏形态学改变情况。结果 ICM组患者LVEDD、LVESD、LAD、RAD、RVD、SV等指标水平均低于DCM组,EF、FS水平高于DCM组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05); DCM组患者左心室"球"形样改变、室壁弥漫性运动减低发生率高于ICM组,左心室"圆拱门"形样改变、节段性室壁运动异常、左心室心尖圆而薄、主动脉根部钙化发生率低于ICM组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论 DCM和ICM的超声心动图参数和心脏形态学变化存在较大差异,DCM患者多存在左右心室同时增大,而ICM患者主动脉瓣钙化较为严重。

Objective To observe the differences of cardiac ultrasonic features in patients with different types of cardiomyopathy. Methods From January 2017 to September 2018,55 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy( DCM group) and 55 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy( ICM group) were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent echocardiographic examination. The echocardiographic parameters such as LVEDD,LVESD,LAD,RAD,RVD,EF,FS,SV and the changes of cardiac morphology were compared between the two groups. Results The levels of LVEDD,LVESD,LAD,RAD,RVD and SV in ICM group were lower than those in DCM group,and the levels of EF and FS were higher than those in DCM group( P <0. 05). The incidence rates of left ventricular ' spherical' shape change and diffuse wall motion reduction in DCM group were higher than those in ICM group,and the incidence rates of left ventricular ' arcuate' shape change,segmental wall motion abnormality,round and thin apex of left ventricle,calcification of aortic root were higher than those in ICM group. The incidence rate of root calcification in ICM group was lower than that in ICM group( P < 0. 05). Conclusion There were significant differences in echocardiographic parameters and cardiac morphology between DCM and ICM. Most patients with DCM had both left and right ventricles enlarged at the same time,while patients with ICM had more severe aortic valve calcification.