院前猝死事件的发病特点分析

The Features of Pre-hospital Sudden Death

目的:系统分析院前猝死事件的发生特点及其规律。方法:回顾性分析1992～2002年院前急诊救治病例1030例的临床资料。结果:院前发生猝死病例106例。猝死的高发年龄段有2个:66-75岁(27.3％)和46-55岁(22.6％)。发生猝死病例中,既往有明确心血管病史者69例(65.1％),不明原因者22例(20.7％),其它原因者15例(14.2％)。引发猝死的直接原因为:室速、室颤(55.O％),心源性休克(16.7％)。结论:院前猝死事件中,以急性心血管事件所致比例最大,救治更为重要;对于已有心血管病基础的患者应注意其发生猝死的高度危险性,同时应注意低年龄组人群也有较高比例的猝死事件发生的趋势。

Objective: To analyze the features of the pre-hospital sudden death events (SDEs) and its regularities. Methods: To tally 1030 pre-hospital cases who were treated in the emergency department from 1992-2002 were analyzed systematically. Results: SDEs occurred in 106 cases. 69(65.1%) of the 106 cases had cardiovascular diseases, and in the 69 (89.6%) suffered from re-infarction with previous coronary heart diseases (CHD), acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or old myocardial infarction (OMI). The direct reason of sudden death was ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation (55.0%) as well as cardiac shock (16.7%).It should be noticed that there were two age peaks of SDEs: the first is 46~55 (22.6%) and the second is 66-75(27.3%). Conclusions: The pre-hospital SDEs are one of the most important emergent cases, for which additional care should be given. It should be emphasized that the patients who have history of cardiovascular diseases, especially those have coronary cardiac problem have higher possibility of sudden death, and the higher frequency of sudden death in the younger.