张载“心统性情”说的基本意涵和历史定位——在张载工夫论演变背景下的考察

The Essential Meaning and Its Historical Position of Zhangzai's "Xin-Tong-Xing-Qing

Under the background of Zhangzai’s theory of efforts, this article points out Zhang’s position that "heat controls temperament" is a premature product which Zhang did his research of the primary pattern of efforts during his earlier stage, because this limitation of Zhang’s position is that it signals a misunderstanding with the unclear idea, resulting at the abandonment of this position in the process of his idea formation. After Zhang’s idea being mature, He gradually elaborated and replaced his position that "heart controls temperament" with the theory of effort of "changing temperament" and "learning rites to be inner temperament" set forth in his later years. By comparison, we find that the latter is the pattern of effort with more rationality and maturity than the former. Based on the elaboration of the two parts about the elementary connotation and the historical orientation of Zhang’s theory that "heart controls temperament", this paper presents the author’s view with a more detail analysis mentioned above.