科学技术发展的回顾与展望

Review and Expectation of the Scientific and Technological Development

回顾了中国和世界科学技术发展的基本历程;介绍了近代的科学革命和技术革命;重点论述了20世纪科学发现和技术发明的理论基础是相对论和量子力学,以及20世纪的四大科学发现——宇宙大爆炸理论、物质结构夸克模型、大地构造板块学说和DNA双螺旋结构和五大技术发明——核技术、空天技术、信息技术、生物技术和纳米技术;展望了21世纪科技发展前途;提供了油气开发与利用的信息。

The author reviews the science and technology history home and abroad,and introduces the neoteric revolution in this field,focusing on the four scientific discoveries-the Big Bang,the quark model in material structure,the plate structure,and the DNA double helix structure-and the five technological invention-nuclear technology,space technology,information technology,biotechnology and nanometer technology-in the 20th century and their academic base of theory of relativity and quantum mechanics;and the writer expects the developing future in the 21th century and gives some information on the development and utilization of oilgas.