中国的经济增长、贫困减少与政策选择

Economic Growth,Income Inequity,and Poverty Reduction in the China

本文详细讨论了贫困分析常用的几个概念和衡量指标 ,并建立了它们之间的关系 ,从而建立起分析模型。进一步 ,本文提出了分解增长效应的方法和贫困减少指数 ,然后 ,本文将提出的模型、方法和指数应用于调查结果及其他官方资料 ,以分析 1 985年至 2 0 0 1年间增长与贫困减少的关系。实证结果与 1 985年以来中国贫困减少的经历相符。贫困减少指数表明 ,增长政策的选择应该使收入效应与不均等效应之和最大化 ,这为不同的发展阶段与不同的地区提供了政策选择。

The paper utilizes several common used definitions in poverty measurement and establishes their relationships and applications to develop a model for poverty analysis. The paper further develops the methodology of decomposition of growth effect and proposes a poverty reduction index. The model was applied to the survey and other official data to analyze the rural poverty reduction in the PRC from 1985 to 2001. The empirical results produced by the model are consistent with the PRC's poverty reduction experience since 1985. The poverty reduction index implies that the selection of growth policies should be to maximize the sum of income and inequality effect. This offers the choices of growth policies for different development stages and different regions.