朱熹《春秋》学考述

宋代大儒朱熹对儒家的许多经典都有精深的研究 ,唯独对《春秋》一经很少作出讲解和阐发。他虽然不敢否定《春秋》的经典地位 ,但他反对“一字褒贬”说 ,反对以“例”说春秋 ,对三传以及历代经师的解经表示出了强烈的怀疑 ;同时 ,对在当时有着重要影响的程颐与胡安国的《春秋传》也提出了批评。他的客观求实的态度 ,在当时的儒者中独树一帜 ,他对《春秋》经传的看法 ,在学术史上有着重要的地位。

Zhu Xi, the illustrious scholar, was well versed in many Confucian classics, however, he had made few marks and elaborations on Chunqiu (The Spring and Autumn Annals). He, though not daring to deny the book's canonical status,yet resented the idea of one word evaluation, apportioning praise or censure through the choice of a single word, objected elaborating Chunqiu with li (例), and showed a strong doubt on the Three Commentaries and many other interpretations on Chunqiu offered by scholars of the various ages. Meanwhile his doubt and criticism were also directed toward The Chunqiu Commentary by Cheng Yi and Hu Anguo. Thus, his matter of fact attitude has distinguished himself from all the Confucian scholars of his time, and his viewpoint on Chunqiu commentaries has a significant bearing on the development of scholarship as well.