1314例育龄妇女缺铁性贫血发病现状调查

The investigation of the situation of iron deficiency anemia in 1314 fertile women

目的 :研究育龄妇女缺铁性贫血 (IDA)的发病现状及营养状况与IDA的关系。方法 :检测青岛市城市及农村 1314例妊娠期和非妊娠期育龄妇女的外周血红蛋白浓度 (Hb)、平均红细胞体积 (MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白量 (MCH)、血清铁蛋白 (SF) ,并进行个人问卷调查 ,应用营养计算软件评价膳食营养。结果 :1314例育龄妇女IDA发病率为 2 0 .4 0 % ,其中非孕妇的发病率高于孕妇。农村育龄妇女的发病率明显高于城市。孕妇中孕≥ 2 8周组发病率最高 (4 0 % ) ,与其他孕周组相比差异有高度显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。营养评价结果显示非孕妇组热量、维生素A、E、B1、B2 、PP、C的缺乏率高于孕妇组(P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :农村育龄妇女及孕 2 8周以上的孕妇为IDA高发人群。应加强对农村育龄妇女的膳食营养宣教及指导 ,对孕晚期的孕妇及时采取有针对性的干预措施。

Objective:To investigate the situation of fertile women suffering from iron defficiency anemia(IDA)and explore the relationship between nurishment and IDA.Methods:Hb,MCV,MCH and SF were detected and questionaires were performed in 1 314 fertile women in Qingdao.The meal nurishment was evaluated with the aid of the nutrition calculating program.Results:The incidence of IDA of 1 314 fertile women in Qingdao was 20.40%,with the incidence in non pregnant group higher than that of the pregnant group;in the village group higher than that in the city group.The incidence of IDA in women with third trimester gestation was the highest(P<0.01). The deficiency rate of energy,VitA,VitE,VitB 1,VitB 2,VitPP,VitC in non pregnant group was higher than that of the pregnant group.Conclusion:The fertile women in village and the women with third trimester gestation are the high risk population of IDA.Some advice on meal nurishment should be made to fertile women in village,and some effective methods should be adopted to the women with third trimester gestation.