甲壳胺抗口臭作用的实验研究

Effect of Chitosan on the anti-halitosis

目的 通过观察甲壳胺凝集口腔细菌及其对产臭菌异味产物的影响 ,评价甲壳胺的抗口臭作用。方法 本研究选用了五种标准菌株 ,包括与菌斑形成密切相关的变形链球菌和粘性放线菌以及三种口腔主要产臭菌 :牙龈卟啉单胞菌、中间普氏菌、具核梭杆菌。实验包括三个部分 :运用厌氧培养观察甲壳胺对五种细菌的抑菌作用及凝集作用 ;利用气相色谱法分析甲壳胺对产臭菌硫化物及吲哚代谢产物的影响。结果 0 .0 0 2 %～ 1%甲壳胺对五种细菌无明显抑菌作用 ,凝集实验结果通过肉眼观察及菌液涂片显示 :0 .12 5 %～ 1%甲壳胺对这五种细菌产生了明显的凝集作用。色谱分析实验结果显示 :在牙龈卟啉单胞菌、中间普氏菌、具核梭杆菌不加药物试管的顶空气体中 ,均能检测出二甲二硫醇、二甲三硫醇、二甲四硫醇和吲哚的存在 ,在这三种细菌加有 1%甲壳胺的实验组试管的顶空气体中 ,未能检测出任何一种硫化物的存在 ,而且 ,除了中间普氏菌实验组仅检测出极少量的吲哚外(峰面积相当于不加药物试管的 1/ 2 2 ) ,牙龈卟啉单胞菌、具核梭杆菌实验组均没有检测到吲哚的生成。结论 甲壳胺能吸附凝集细菌 ,并减少产臭菌异味产物的释放。

Objective The object of this study was to assess the anti-halitosis effect of carboxymethyl chitosan through its binding bacteria effect and its influencing on the odor production of these bacteria.Methods Five oral bacterial species were selected in this study,they were Porphyromonas gingivalis,Prevotella intermedia,Fusobacterium nucleatum,Actinomyces viscosus and Streptococcus mutans.Gas chromatographic(GC) technique was employed for the evaluation of VSC and indole metabolized production of three bacteria.Results 0.002% ～1% chitosan had no inhibition effects on the growth of these bacteria.But chitosan can make these bacteria agglomerated and deposited at the bottom in the test tubes.The GC results revealed that VSC and indole were formed in significant amounts by Pg,Pi and Fn.But in the test groups of 1%chitosan,any volatile sulphur compounds was not found in the head-space produced by Pg,Pi and Fn.Except that a small quantity of indole produced by Pi were detected(the peak area was 1/22 as much as that of control group without chitosan),no indole was found in the head-space produced by Pg and Fn in the test groups.Conclusion Chitosan is effective for binding bacteria and reducing the release of VSC and indole produced by Pg,Pi and Fn.