中国东部假俭草种质资源多样性初步研究 Ⅱ.外部性状变异及其形态类型

Preliminary Study on Germplasm Resources Diversityof Eremochloa ophiuroides(Munro)Hack. in East China II. Variation and Morphological Types

对中国东部有代表性的36份假俭草[Eremochloaophiuroides(Munro)Hack.]种源的外部性状进行观测分析,结果表明:(1)中国东部地区假俭草种质资源9个外部性状均存在着明显的变异,变异系数由大到小依次是结实率(150%)>节间长度(22 1%)>草层高度(21 0%)>叶片长度(17 3%)>生殖枝高度(15 2%)>花序长度(14 1%)>单位花序小花数(12 3%)>叶片宽度(11 8%)>节间直径(11 5%)。(2)中国东部地区假俭草种质资源外部性状间有一部分存在着显著或极显著的相关性。叶片长度与节间长度、草层高度呈极显著的正相关,相关系数分别为0 6443和0 6327;叶片宽度与节间长度、节间直径呈极显著的正相关,相关系数分别为0 5432、0 4996;生殖枝高度与花序长度和单位花序小花数呈极显著的正相关,相关系数分别为0 6533、0 5320,花序长度与单位花序小花数呈极显著的正相关,相关系数为0 8906。(3)利用类平均法在欧氏距离5 6处可将36份有代表性的假俭草分为3大类型,即矮生型、高大型和普通型。(4)中国东部地区假俭草种质资源的生殖枝高度与纬度呈显著的正相关,花序长度、单位花序小花数与经度存在显著和极显著的正相关。

The morphological characters of 36 representative centepedegrass provenance from East China were observed and analyzed.The results showed that : (1)the obvious variation of 9 morphological characters of centipedegrass germplasm resources from East China was discovered. Their variation coefficients are ranked as follows:Seed set (150%) > internode length (22.1%) > turf height (21.0%) >leaf blade length (17.3%) >height of reproductive branch (15.2%) >inflorescence length (14.1%) > the number of spikelets per inflorescence (12.3%) > leaf blade width (11.8%) > internode diameter (11.5%). (2) There exists significant correlations among some of morphological characters of centepedegrass germplasm resources in East China. Leaf blade length is positively correlated with internode length, turf height, height of reproductive branch at very significant level with the coefficients of 0.6443, 0.6327, 0.4366, respectively. Blade width is positively correlated with internode length and internode diameter at very significant level with the coefficients of 0.5432 and 0.4996. Internode length is positively correlated with turf height at very significant level with the coefficient of 0.6142.Height of reproductive branches is positively correlated with inflorescence length and the number of spikelets per inflorescence at very significant level with the coefficients of 0.6533 and 0.5320. Inflorescence length is positively correlated with the number of spikelets per inflorescence at very significant level with the coefficient of 0.8906. (3) Centipedegrass germplasm resources in East China can be divided into three morphological types based on the nine morphological characters, that is, dwarf type, tall type and common type. (4) Height of reproductive branches of centepedegrass germplasm resources in East China is positively correlated with the correspondent latitude at significant level; inflorescence length and the number of spikelets per inflorescence are positively correlated with the correspondent longitude at significant level.