人B细胞淋巴瘤独特型DNA疫苗诱导抗肿瘤免疫反应的实验研究

The Experimental Study on Idiotypic DNA Vaccine against Human B-cell Lymphoma to Induce Antitumor Immune Response

本研究目的在于探讨含人B细胞淋巴瘤免疫球蛋白重链可变区基因片段的DNA疫苗诱导小鼠抗肿瘤免疫反应的情况 ,为人B细胞淋巴瘤疫苗的应用提供基础实验研究资料。本研究通过PCR方法获得人B细胞淋巴瘤细胞系Namalwa膜表面免疫球蛋白重链可变区 (VH)基因片段 ,同时克隆小鼠单核细胞趋化蛋白 3(MCP 3)作为免疫佐剂分子 ,进一步以重组PCR的方法获得MCP 3和VH基因的融合基因片段 ,构建DNA疫苗重组质粒。在体外以瞬时转染的方法证实以融合基因片段作为抗原基因的DNA疫苗质粒能够在真核细胞中正确表达。DNA疫苗质粒大量提取后免疫小鼠 ,用流式细胞术检测小鼠抗体生成情况 ,并用LDH释放法测定CTL活性以检测抗独特型细胞免疫。结果表明 ,从接种疫苗第 8周开始小鼠体内特异性抗独特型抗体明显升高 ,并且抗体滴度可维持高水平至少至第 2 0周。在DNA疫苗免疫组中 5只免疫小鼠有 3只产生抗体。所诱导的抗体只特异性识别肿瘤细胞表面独特型抗原 ,而不识别人A5 4 9对照细胞。用乳酸脱氢酶释放法未测到明显CTL反应的产生。结论 :以MCP 3与VH的融合作为抗原基因构建的DNA疫苗能够诱导小鼠体内产生抗淋巴瘤细胞的特异性抗独特型抗体 ,为DNA疫苗临床用于人B细胞淋巴瘤治疗提供了初步实验支持。

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the DNA vaccine containing idiotypic gene fragment of human B cell lymphoma cell line Namalwa could elicit the specific anti idiotypic immune response in vivo. The candidate gene fragment of the lymphoma cell, variable region of heavy chain (VH) of the membranous immunoglobulin, was amplified using Ig superfamily primers by means of RT PCR. Also, the intact cDNA of murine monocyte chemoattranctant protein (MCP 3) was cloned and used as the adjuvant molecular. The two gene fragments of VH and MCP 3 were fused together by 8aa linker peptide with recombinant PCR. Subsequently, the fusion gene fragment was cloned into eukaryonic expression vector pcDNA3.1 to construct DNA vaccine plamid. Prior to the immunization, the transient transfection coupled with RT PCR was performed to prove that the recombinant plasmid could express in eukaryonic cells in right way. Then two groups of mice were immunized by intramuscular injection with DNA vaccine and mock plasmid pcDNA3.1 respectively. Three times of injection were performed with 100 μg plamid respectively at the beginning of the experiment and 2, 4 weeks after the first injection for all the groups. FACS analysis was chosen to detect the antibodies recognizing lymphoma cells at different time following vaccination. The results demonstrated that specific anti idiotypic antibody could be detected in the group of DNA vaccine immunized mice as early as eight weeks after the first immunization. Further test demonstrated that the anti idiotypic antibody could maintain for at least twenty weeks with high titer. Anti idiotypic antidodies were elicited in three of five mice of the DNA vaccine immunized group. The Abs of DNA vaccine immunized mice could only recognize Namalwa cell line instead of another unrelated human cell line A549. There is no cellular response detected in the DNA vaccine immunized mice. It is concluded that the DNA vaccine containing fused MCP3 VH sequence could elicit specific anti idiotypic antibody against B cell lymphoma in vivo and could be used in further study of DNA vaccine against B cell lymphoma. The results would provide the basis for further studies and optimization of this therapeutic strategy on patients with B lymphoproliferative disease.